Maturity: more acid producers (LAB) means more sour
Temperature: higher temperature means more sour
Type of flour: more whole grain or rye means more sour
Mother Culture
The balance between yeast and lactobacilli (LAB) influences the sourness. More LAB means more acid producers, so a more sour bread.
When feeding the motherdough, influence the balance with:
Less sour: 22C, white flour, 1:5 ratio of motherdough vs flour, use at peak maturity
More sour: 29C, <20% rye flour, 1:2 ratio of motherdough vs flour, use after peak maturity
Maturity
Maturity is about when to use the mother culture for the dough. A dough should be active when used for baking. Use it at it's peak rise for less sourness, or let it shrink again to develop more LAB and increase sourness.
These notes are unpolished collections of thoughts, unfinished ideas, and things I want to remember later. In the spirit of learning in public, I'm sharing them here. Have fun exploring, if you want!